Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods) ➔ Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods) ➔ Class Insecta (Insects) ➔ Order Lepidoptera (Butterflies and moths) ➔ Family Geometridae (Geometer or inchworm moths)
Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Birkenspanner Peppered Moth
Synonyms and other combinations:
Phalaena betularia Linnaeus, 1758 [original combination] | Biston swettaria (Barnes & McDonough, 1917) (melanic form) | Biston fortitaria (Barnes & McDonough, 1917) | Biston mesle (Forbes, 1928) |
Further vernacular names:
Pepper & Salt GeometerClassification:
Biston betularia belongs to the subfamily Ennominae.References, further reading, links:
- Bestimmungshilfe des Lepiforums
- Klausnitzer (Hrsg): Stresemann - Exkursionsfauna von Deutschland. Band 2: Wirbellose: Insekten, Springer Spektrum. ISBN 978-3-8274-2452-5. (Google preview)
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- Agriopis aurantiaria/marginaria
- Agriopis leucophaearia
- Agriopis marginaria
- Alcis repandata
- Angerona prunaria
- Aplocera plagiata/efformata
- Apocheima hispidaria
- Archiearis parthenias
- Biston betularia
- Biston strataria
- Boudinotiana notha
- Cabera exanthemata
- Cabera pusaria
- Campaea margaritaria
- Camptogramma bilineata
- Cepphis advenaria
- Chiasmia clathrata
- Chloroclysta siterata
- Colotois pennaria
- Cyclophora albipunctata
- Cyclophora punctaria
- Deileptenia ribeata
- Dysstroma truncata
- Ectropis crepuscularia
- Ematurga atomaria
- Epirrhoe alternata
- Epirrhoe tristata
- Epirrita sp.
- Erannis defoliaria
- Euchoeca nebulata
- Euphyia unangulata
- Eupithecia exiguata
- Eupithecia inturbata
- Eupithecia satyrata
- Eupithecia sp.
- Eupithecia virgaureata
- Gandaritis pyraliata
- Geometra papilionaria
- Gymnoscelis rufifasciata
- Hemithea aestivaria
- Hydrelia flammeolaria
- Hypomecis punctinalis
- Hypomecis roboraria
- Idaea aversata
- Idaea biselata
- Idaea dimidiata
- Idaea emarginata
- Idaea filicata
- Idaea fuscovenosa
- Idaea seriata
- Ligdia adustata
- Lobophora halterata
- Lomaspilis marginata
- Lomographa bimaculata
- Lomographa temerata
- Lycia isabellae
- Lythria purpuraria
- Macaria brunneata
- Macaria liturata
- Macaria notata
- Mesoleuca albicillata
- Odezia atrata
- Operophtera brumata
- Operophtera fagata
- Parectropis similaria
- Peribatodes rhomboidaria
- Peribatodes secundaria
- Phaiogramma etruscaria
- Phaiogramma faustinata
- Phigalia pilosaria
- Rhodometra sacraria
- Scopula floslactata
- Scopula immutata
- Scopula minorata
- Scopula ornata
- Scotopteryx chenopodiata
- Selenia tetralunaria
- Siona lineata
- Thera variata/britannica
- Timandra comae
- Xanthorhoe fluctuata
- Xanthorhoe montanata
- Xanthorhoe quadrifasiata
- Xanthorhoe spadicearia